Kiza, Z. (2012). The potential for PV cells powering LED lights in stand-alone applications with special emphasis to facade lighting : the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina [Master Thesis, Technische Universität Wien]. reposiTUm. https://resolver.obvsg.at/urn:nbn:at:at-ubtuw:1-48622
Working for the last few years as a specialist for illumination I had a chance to develop many project designs with various LED lighting applications. In some cases, such as façade illumination or garden lamps, I had to connect those lighting fixtures to the grid over corresponding AC/DC converters even if stand-alone application would have been more convenient solution. However, it simply seemed not to be economically justified. Objective of this master thesis would be to determine conditions under which LED lights powered with PV cells in stand-alone applications would be economically justified solution. The special focus of technical design and economic appraisal will be given to facade illumination lamp. Confronting cost of PV cells and batteries to the cost of wiring and grid connection should prove economic viability. This appraisal will include cost of energy and maintenance over certain investment horizon. Single applications could be of micro-size (maybe only few PV cells per lamp), but on the larger scale, such as national, potential could be significant. This is especially correct with having in mind expectation of the electricity price further increasing and further decrease of the PV cells and LED light prices. As a result, this work will take into account all above mentioned parameters to model dynamic scenarios of national potential up to 2050.